Process of making shoes



K. ENGEL.

PROCESS OF MAKING SHOES. APPLICATION FILED mmzz. 19.16.. RENEWED APR.14. 1920.

'1 ,36o 277, Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

3. SHEETSr-SHEET K. ENGEL. PROCESS OF MAKING SHOES. FILED MAR. 22; I916.RENEWED AP APPLICATION v R. I4, 1920- 1,360,277. Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

3s EEEEEEEEEEE 2.

K. ENGEL.

PROCESS OF MAKING SHOES. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22, 1916'. RENEWED APR.14, 1920.

1,360,277. Patented Nov. 30,1920

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED. STATES KARLENGEL, OF ARLING'IFJN HEIGH'ls. MASSAGHUSET'IE,ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TD

Slltllll MACE-KNEE? CJURPORATION, OF PATERSON,

NEW JERSEY, A CORPURATIUN Oh lll'EW' JERSEY.

'PROGESS OF MAKING- SHOES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 22, 1916. Serial No. 85.807. Renewed April 14,1920. Serial No. 373,931..

To all whom it only concern: r

Be it known that I, KARL lflrzrnzn, a citizen oi the United @tatesresiding at Arlington lil e'ghts, in the county of lllliddlesex andState of lllassachusetts, have invented certain new and usefullmprorenients in Processes of Making bllu es; end I do hereby declarethe following be a full, clear, and ez-nzct description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a process of making shoes and moreparticularly to a process of male. 1g welted and turned shoes. in thepresent commercial process oi; making welted and turned shoes alter theupper and insole or single sole have been" prepared for assembling andhave been assembled upon a last the uuper is asted or stretcl'ied liabout t e last so as to cause it to co.. 11in substantially to the shapeoi the last at all points by gripping the lower marginal portion ofl'heupper and drawing itwith considerable force over the nrtrgir llportion o? the sole and the upper is then secured in o.;..ion at itsmargin by temporary fasteners. The lasting 0 ration performed by hand orby roach... L especially con iructed for this purpose. In this process omaking shoes the upper is cut so s. to provide a considerable surplusoil material at its lower margin which is essential in order to enablethe lasting grippers to secure a llrin grip on the upper during thelasting operation; This surplus or excess in the material of the upperwhich projects beyond the inseam alter the inseam sewn is trinfnned oilin the inseam trimming operation. Upper leather is expensive and thesurplus material in the upper which is trimmed oil and wasted addsconsiderable to the expense of the shoe.

llne object of the present invention is t' provide a process of makingwelted and turn shoes by which such shoes in every respect as good asthose Inadein accordancewith the present commercial process. may benianul actrwed with considerable saving ol inalring welted and .uiercialprocess may to a large extent be eliminated.

lVith these and other objects in view the invention consists in theprocess hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings are illustrated the parts of a welted shoeat dilterent stages in the manufacture or? the shoe in accordance withapplicants process, but it is to be understood that the inventionbroadly considered is applicable to the man ufacture of other types ofshoes and that except as defined in the claims the invention is notlimited in its application to making any particular type of shoe.

In the drawings Figures 1 and 2 plan views showing the insole and upperbefore they are assembled and belore the upper is inolded; F 1g. 3 1s aperspective VIEW, partly .111 section, ol the insole and upper assembledready to be sewn showing the manner in which the upper is molded priorto plaicing the insole in position; Fig. at is a detail plan view of thetoe portions of the upper and insole when assembled as in-liig. 3; Fig.5 is a perspective View, partly in section, illustrating the shoe afterthe inseam is sewn; Fig. 6 is a View illustrating the manner in whichthe welt and the feather of the insole are beaten out before the outsolelaid; Fig. 7 is. a central longitudinal. sectional view illustrating theshoe after-the outsole-has been laid and sewn to the welt; Fig. 8 is aperspective View illustrating the manner in which the shoe is stretchedprior to the insertionol a complete last; and Fig. 9 is a perspectiveView illustrating the lin ished shoe with the complete last inserted.

In preparing the upper of the shoe for attaching it to the insole inaccordance with applicants process, the upper, indicated at 1, is cutsubstantially to the size which it is to have in the finished shoe,neglecting the stretching or lasting to which the upper is subjectedalter the insole, indicated at 2, and the upper are attached together attheir marginal portions by permanent lasteningggs.

Before the upper and insole are assembled the toe portion of the upperand preferably the heel. portion also areniolded into shape asillustrated in Fig. 3. In the upper 1nolding operation the toe portionof the upper above theline along which the stitches or Patented Nov.Sill. illlfilll,

other fastenings are to be inserted to attach the upper to the insole ismolded and stretched so as to give it substantially the shape of thelast and the marginal portion of the'upper at the tee is formed inplaits 0r folds substantially as in the lasting operation of theordinary process of manufacture of welted and turned shoes. is will benoted from an inspection of Fig. 3, the upper is molded inwardly at 3 sothat it will lie properly over the, margin of the insole and is turnedoutwardly at a, thereby forming a convexed shoulder 5 for engagementwith the shoulder at the outer margin of the between-substance of thesole and a crease 6 in which the margin of the welt. indicated at 7,Fig. 5, is laid in attaching the welt and upper to the insole. Thismelding of the upper amounts in effect to a preliminary lastingoperation in which the toe of the'unlasted upper is molded substantiallyinto the shape of the toe of the upper of a lasted shoe. The heel of theupper is molded as shown in Fig. 3 with the lower marginal portion ofthe upper shaped at an angle to the upper portion thereof so that itwill lie over the heel of the insole. T he toe of the upper is moldedafter the toe box 8, if such is used, has been inserted between thelining 9 andthe upper leather and the upper, toe

box and lining are all molded together into portion thereof, size orcement is to shape to a certain degree these parts 0' the shape shown inthe drawings. in order to cause the upper to hold its shape afte havingbeen molded and especially to retain the folds or plaits formed in themarginal inserted preferably between the toe box and the up per leatherand the forms by which the up per is molded are heated so that the upperafter being removed from the forms sets in the position in which it ismolded This molding of the upper is an impoi it feature of applicantsprocess since it shapes the marginalportion of the upper so that it willfit'properly about the toe of the insole when the ,upper'anc insole areassembled and so that it will conform accurately to the last when thelast is inserted.

At the same time that the toe and heel portions of the upper are moldedor as. an intermediate step between the upper molding operation and thesewing of the upper to the insole. the parts of the upper which arrnotshaped by the toe and heel molding op erations may be stretched to takemore or less of the stretch out of the upper, to bring; the upper morenearly to its proper size the upper.

The insole employed may be constructed in accordance with any oneofseveral wellknown types. The insole shown in the drawing is providedwith a channel lip 10 which is formed by an oblique cut extending aboutthe marginal portion of the insole and has the outer portion of itsmargin cut away in a plane parallel with the plane of the insole forminga shoulder 11. and a thin lexible portion 12 at the outer edge of theinsole which is ordinarily termed the feather.

In assembling the upper and insole the iiisole is placed inside theupper with the heel of the insole beneath the inwardly molded portion ofthe upper at the heel and the heel of the upper is preferably attachedto the heel of the insole by a tack 13 or other fastener. When theinsole and upper are thus assembled they are ready to be attachedtogether by stitches passing through the belween substance of the insoleand the margin of the upper. The stitching together of the upper andinsole is performed with the upper in an unlasted condition, or with outthe placing of a last on other supporting form within the upper tosupport either the. upper or the insole. In the operation of sewing theupper to the insole the lower margin of the upper is placed over themargin of the insole and the edge of the upper is preferably gaged sothat it projects a substantia ly uniform distance beyond the base of theshoulder of the between substance or beyond the stitch line such thatpractically no excess or surplus material of the upper is leftprojecting beyond the inseam after the seam is sewn. The sewing of theupper to the insole in this manner together with the welt may beperformed upon a. machine constructed as illustrated and described inthe application of Frederic Bertrand, Serial No. 861,215. filedSeptember 11, 1914-, or upon any other suitably constructed machine, orit may be perormed by hand. The upper is preferably not attached to theinsole completely around the insole by the inseam. but is leftunaltached along the heel of the insole, or at least along a portion ofthe heel. lVhcu thc inseam has been sewn the unattached portion of theupper is drawn taut over the heel of the insole and is attached theretopreferably by a series of tacks. This manner of attaching the upper tothe insole enables the upper, if its lower margin happens to be toolarge to fit accurately the margin of the insole. to be attached to theinsole without producing folds or puckcrs in the margin of the upperwhich will be yisible in the finished shoe.

If for any reason. such as the inaccurate guiding or gaging of the upperduring the sewing operation. there is any surplus upper materialprojecting beyond the inseam after the upper, welt and insole are sewnto gether. this surplus is trimmed oil preferably directly after theinseam is sewn. This trimming operation may be performed upon a diskknife skiving machine or other suitable trimming. machine, or the uppermay be trimmed off by means of a hand knife.

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macaw? In actual practice it has been found that when the parts of theshoe are prepared,

assembled and sewn together in accordance with the present process ofmanufacture, it is unnecessary to trim off the upper except in a verysmall number of shoes.

Then the upper, welt and insole are sewn together without a last orothersupporting form within the upper, the marginal portion or featherof the insole projecting beyond the between substance is ordinarily bentto a considerable degree out of the plane of the body of the insoleduring the sewing operation. In a welted shoe the feather gives theproper bulge or overhang to the upper just above the line of the inseamand determines to a great degree the shape of the shoe and when thefeather is bent unduly away from the plane Oftll body of the insole,itallows the'upper to draw away from the welt, thus giving the shoe anirregular and unfinished appearance. In applicants process ofmanufacture of Welted shoes, after the inseam is sewnthe welt is beatenout flat in substantially the same manner as in the ordinary process ofmanufacture of such shoes, and the feather of the insole is also bentback into the place ofthe insole and setin position by subjecting themargin of the insole to a beating operation similar to that performed onthe welt.

In the operation of beating out the welt and the feather as preferablyperformed a support such as that indicated at 14, Fig. 6,

L is inserted in the shoe in positionto engage the inner face of themargin of theinsole and support thefeather in the plane of the body ofthe insole and the welt of the shoe is placed upon a suitable supportsuch as indicated at 15, the welt support being shaped to enter thecrease between the upper and the welt and located with its upper surfacesubstantially parallel with the upper surface of the feather support 14.The feather and the welt while supported substantially in the plane ofthe body of the insole respectively by the feather support and the weltsupport are beaten out in one operation by theblows delivered by ahammer such as that indicated at 16. The hammer is rapidly reciprocatedin a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper surfaces of thefeather and welt supports.

The hammer is arranged to extend over the welt across the insteam andover the-marginal portion of the insole so that it acts to beat out andset the welt and the feather of the insole in substantially the plane ofthe body of the insole and also to beat the pro jecting edges of thewelt and upper down into substantially the plane of the outer face ofthe insole.

The beating out of the welt and feather reduces the shoe to the propercondition for the laying of the outsole. In order to supas in thecommercial process.

and upper are attached to the insole.

port the insole during the sole-laying opera tion the bottom of adivided last such as that shown-at 17, Fig. 7, is inserted in the shoe.The .outsole may be laid in applicants process in substantially the samemanner as in the commercial process of making welted shoes. In preparingtheoutsole it is preferably cut substantially to its final outline orsubstantially to the shape and size it is to have in the finished shoe,before it is applied to the shoe. In the ordinary process of male ingwelted shoes it is practically impossible to cut the outsole to itsfinal outline before it is laid. It is obviously essential to thecorrect appearance of the shoe that the outsole after it is applied tothe shoe project the proper distance beyond the inseam at all points. Inthe operation of sewing together the WGlt,- upper and insole asperformed in the regular commercial process of manufac ture of weltedshoes, the operator exerts a comparatively heavy strain or pull upon theshoe against the channel guide. Considerable strain also isexerted uponthe between substance by the stitches themselves as they are drawntautto drawthe upper and between substance tightly together. The stock ofthe insole is then in a tempered condition and is easily stretched outof shape,

and the result isthat during the sewing operation the between substanceof the insole is pulled out of its natural or proper position. and thatthe marginal portion of the illsole is stretched out of its proper shapeat certain points. This stretching of the material of theinsole anddisplacement of the position of the inseam is never the same in any twoshoes of the same size and style, so

that it is obviously impossible to cutythe outsole so that when it isapplied to theshoe it will project the proper distance beyond the inseamat all points in its marginal portion. In applicants process of makingwelted shoes the welt, upper and between substance of the insole aredrawn together by the stitches against. practically no. resistancewhatever, and there is no pull or strain exerted upon the parts of theshoe against the channel guideand consequently substantially no outwardstretching force exertedby the channel guide upon the between substanceThe marginal portion of the insole, therefore, is not stretched out ofshape or the between substance displaced at any point during the sewingoperation, so that the inseam occupies its natural and proper positionafter the welt For this reason, the outsole may be cut to its finaloutline before it is applied to the shoe, there by enabling therough-rounding operation to be eliminated.

Outsoles out inblock form may be employed, and in that event after the.outsole is laid upon the lasted. shoe bottom-the outsole isrough-rounded, preferably by pre senting the shoe to asuitablerough-rounding machine. In this operation the marginal portionof the sole is trimmed off at the proper distance from the inseam.

The shoe is then ready for the stitching of the outsole of the welt. Theoutsole stitching operation does not differ from'the outsole stitchingoperation in the regular process of making welt shoes, and may beperformed upon any suitable stitching machine for stitching outsoles.

After the upper has been attached at its lower margin to the insole andpreferably after the outsole is stitched to the welt, the upper issubjected to a stretching operation to take the stretch out of the upperand to give the'upper its proper shape and size, and a la-stis theninserted in the shoe to hold the upper in shape. The stretchingoperation may be performed at any convenient stage in the manufacture ofthe shoe after the upper is attached to the insole butis preferablydeferred until after the outsole is attached, since the insole is thenmuch less liable to be stretched-and the inseam displaced or and theupper is stretched by moving these blocks relatively in oppositedirections from thecentral portion of the shoe bottom outwardly. In Fig.8 the shoe is shown with a heel form 18 shaped to fit the inside of theshoe at the heel located Within the heel of the shoe and with two forms19 and 20 pivoted together at 21 and having substantially the shape ofthe interior of the forepart of the shoe located within the forepar; ofthe "shoe. Nith stretching forms such as these applied to the inside ofthe shoe the upper may be stretched by relatively moving the heel form18 and the two forepart forms away from each other in a directionlengthwise of the shoe and at the same time swinging the forepart forms19 and 20 outwardly on thepivot 21. In this way the upper is stretchedlongitudinally of theshoe for substantially the whole length of the shoeand the forward portion of the upper is stretched laterally to aprogressively increasing extent from the toe toward the ball. Thismanner of stretching the upper has certain marked as usually performedin the commercial process of making shoes, the upper is oftenover-stretched and sometimes torn at the separated points at which thelasting pincers or grippers are applied, while at intermediate pointsthe upper is not sufficiently and properly stretched. Furthermore, inthis operation the upper is drawn by the grippers over the bottom. ofthe last. with the result that the upper is stretched chiefly betweenthe last bottom and the grippers, and coinparatively little so tchiugstrain is given to the upper above the last bottom. 1n theupper-stretching operation as performed in accordance with the presentprocess of manufacture, substant by the whole o f the upper is subjectedto a tching force from within while its lower margin is secured to theshoe bottom by the QXj'HlDSiOH or relative movement of the stretchingforms with the result that the upper is subjected to the requiredstretching strain at substantially all points to give it the propershape and size.

Sifter the upper has been properly stretched a complete last is insertedin the shoe. In order to facilitate the insertion of the last whichshouldfit tightly in the shoe. the last is divideo as shown along thecurved line y, Fig. 7, forming a bottom portion 11' shown in section inFig. 7, and an upper forward portion 22. The bottom portion 17 isarranged to it over the whole interior of the shoe bottom and to fillthe heel of the shoe. Before the last is inserted in the shoe the partsof the last are separated and the bottom portion is first located withinthe shoe as shown in Fig. 'i'. The insole is preferably out to the exactsize of the bottom o f the last so that when the bottom portion placedwithin the shoe the marginal portion of the upper at its junction withthe edge of the insole hugs tightly to the bottom of the last. Themanner in which the last divided gives the upper forward portion 22 ofthe last which is adapted to iit the upper portion of the forepart ofthe shoe, a tapered cross-section, increasing from the forward endthereof rearwardly. This shape of the portion 22 of the last enables itto be easily driven into place in the shoe after the bottom portion 17has been inserted.

lVhen the complete last has been inserted in the shoe, the shoe may befinished in substantially the same manner as in the ordinary commercialprocess of manufacture of welted shoes.

In cutting the upper of the shoe SllliEiLilll' tially to the size whichit is to have. in the finished shoe, and sewing it to the sole in such amanner that no surplus material of the upper is left projecting beyondthe inseam, the upper stool: which is trimmed off in the upper trimmingand inseam trimming operations of the commercial process is.

commercial process of manufacture of welted and turn shoes, the upperand sole remain upon the last from the time when they are firstassembled until the shoe is finished, while in applicants process thelast is .not inserted until after the sewing of the inseam. Since theshoe remains on the last a much shorter time in applicante process thanin the commercial p1 ocess, the number of lasts which are required in ashoe factory in which shoes are made by applicants proc one is much lessthan the number required in a factory in which the commercial process isfollowed. Applicantls process of manufacture of welted and turned shoesalso reduces considerably the amount of labor required in the making ofthe shoe which results in a further reduction in the cost ofmanufacture.

In the present process applicant eliminates the pulling over and thelasting operations, the tack driving operation, the tack pulling andresetting operation, and ordinarily the inseam trimming andrough-rounding opera tions. The only operations included in this processwhich do not form a part of the regular commercal process are the uppermolding and stretching operation, the upper stretching operationperformed after the upper and insole are attached and the inser tion ofthe last in the shoe, which obviously require much less labor and timethan the operations which are eliminated. Welted and turned shoes madein accordance with this process have substantially the same constructionand are in all respects as good as the shoes made by the commercialprocess, and the shoes may be manufactured at a greatly reduced cost dueto the reduction in the amount of stock, the number of lasts and theamount of labor required.

It is to be understood that the. term up per is employed in itsgenericsense in the claims and mayinclude the usual parts such as upperleather, lining and toe and heelstiflt'eners. i

It is also to be understood that the term unlasted as employed in theclaims signifies that the parts are not applied to a last and does notindicate that the parts have received. no preliminary stretching orshaping. H

Having explained the nature and object of the invention and havingspecifically described the preferred embodiment thereof,

what is claimed is:

1. The process of making shoes which consists in preparingan insolehaving a lip and a marginal portlon or feather pro ecting beyond thelip, placing the marginal portion of an upper over the outer face of themarginal portion of an insole and at taching the upper and a welt to thebetween substance ofthe insole in an unlasted condition, beating out thefeather of the insole and the welt'to cause them to lie substantially inthe plane of the body of the insole and attaching an outsole to thewelt.

2. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching an upper anda welt to an insole in an unlasted condition, attaching an outsole tothe welt and stretch ing the upper after the outsole is applied.

3. The process ofmaking shoes which consists in attaching an upper and awelt to an insole in an unlastedcondition, cutting an outsolesubstantially to its final outlines, attaching the outsole to the weltand stretch ing the upper after the outsole is applied.

l. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching an upper anda welt to an insole in an unlasted condition, inserting a last bottom inthe attached upper and insole, cutting an outsole substantially to itsfinal outline, laying the outsole, attaching 'the outsole to the weltand stretching the upper after the outsole is applied.

5. The process of making shoes which. con sists in molding an upper togive it sub stantially the shape of a lasted shoe upper, attaching theupper and a welt to an insole in an unlasted condition, attaching anoutsole to the welt and stretching the upper after the outsole isapplied.

6. ,The process of making shoes which con sists in cutting an uppersubstantially to the size it is to have in the finished shoe, moldingthe upper to give it substantially the shape of a lasted shoe upper,attaching an upper and a welt to the insole in an un lasted condition,beating out thefeather of the insole and the welt to cause them to liesubstantially in the plane of the body of the insole, attaching anoutsole to the welt and stretching the upper after the out sole isapplied. y p

7. The process of making shoes which consists in stretching anupperzbefore it .is attached to a sole, then attaching the upper to asole inan unlasted condition, again stretching the upper after the upperand sole are attached, and thereafter inserting a last in the attached.upper and sole.

8. The process of making shoesiwhich con sists in attaching an upper toa sole in an 'unlasted condition, then stretching the upper before theupper and sole are applied to a last andthereafter insertinga lastinltheattached upper and sole. p p

9. The process of making'shoes which con sists in molding into permanentshape the marginal portion of an upper at one or more points, andstretching the upper atother points, then attaching the upper to a solein an unlasted condition, and thereafter inserting a last in theattached upper and sole.

10. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching a welt andan upper to an insole in an unlasted condition, cutting an outsolesubstantially to its final outlines, and attaching the outsole to thewelt.

11. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching a welt andan upper to an insole in an unlasted condition, cutting an outsolesubstantially to its final outlines, attaching the outsole to the weltand stretching the upper. 7

12. The process of making shoes which 7 consists in cutting'an uppersubstantially to the size it is to have in the finished'shoe, attachinga welt and the upper to an insole in an unlasted condition, attaching anoutsole to the welt, and stretching the upper.

13, The process of making shoes which consists in cutting an uppersubstantially to the size it is to have in the finished shoe, moldingthe upper at one or more points, attaching the upper and a welt to aninsole in an unlasted condition, beating out the welt and'the feather ofthe insole, attaching an outsole'to the welt and stretching the upper. r

14. The process of making shoes which consists in stretching the upperbefore it is attached to a sole, attaching the upper to the sole in anunlasted condition, and again stretching the upper after the upper andsole are attached together and before they are applied to a last.

15. The process of making shoes which consists in molding into permanentshape the marginal portion of an upper at one or more points, andstretching the upper at other points before it is attached to a sole,and attaching the upper to the sole in an unlasted condition.

16. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching an upper toa sole in an unlasted condition and beating out the marginal portion ofthe sole while the upper and sole are unlasted.

17. The process of making shoes which consists in attaching an upper toa sole in an unlasted condition, and thereafter beating out'the marginalportion of the sole to cause it to lie substantially in the plane of thebody of the sole.

18. The process of making shoes which 7 consists in attaching a welt andupper to an insole in an unlasted condition, and thereafter beating outthe welt and the feather of the insole while the shoe is unlasted.

19. The process of making shoes which comprises molding an upper at oneor more points to substantially its final shape and with inturnedflanges to overlie the outer face of the margin of a sole, stretchingthe upper at other points before at least the greater part of its marginis attacheil to the sole, and thereafter inserting a line of fasteningsto attach the greater part of the margin of the upper permanently andcurely to the sole.

21. The process of making shoes whirl:

comprises assembling an upper and a sole,

and, with the parts in unlasted condition. attaching at least thegreater part of the margin of the upper to the sole in permanent andfinal position with relation to the sole while leaving a portion of theupper unattached to the sole at the heel, and thereafter folding theunattached portion of the upper at the heel over the outer face of thesole and securing the same in position.

22. The process of making shoes which comprises cutting an uppersubstantially to the size it is to have in the finished. shoe.assembling the upper and a sole, and, with the parts in an unlastedcondition, attaching at least the greater part of the margin of theupper to the sole in pcrmanent and final position with relation to thesole while leaving a portion of the upper unattached to the sole at theheel, and thereafter folding the unattached portion of the upper at theheel over the outer face of the sole and securing the same in position.

23. The process of making shoes which comprises assembling an upper anda sole having a sewing rib and a marginal portion projecting beyond therib. and, with the parts in an unlasted condition, inserting a line offastenings to attach in per manent and final position at least thegreater part of the margin of the upper to the rib of the sole whileleaving a portion of the upper unattached to the sole at the heel, andthereafter folding the unattached portion of the upper at the heel overthe outer face of the sole and fastening the same securely in position.

1 KARL ENGEL.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 01 1,360,277, grantedNovember 30,

1920, upon the application of Karl Engel, of Arlington Heights,Massachusetts,

for an improvement in Processes of Making Shoes, errors appear in theprinted specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 84:,for the Word on read or, page 3, line 28, for the Word place read plane;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent ()flice.

Signed and sealed this 4th day of January, A. 1)., 1921.

L. B. MANN,

[SEAL] p Acting Oomnnz'ssiomr of Patents.

